Marinade injection of pork as a possible technological strategy to reduce boar taint: Response and attitude of the consumer.

Sensory evaluation by consumers allows validation of a solution for the food industry to overcome boar taint and market entire male pork with high levels of boar taint considered "unfit for human consumption". One possible technological strategy for improvement is the injection marination of entire male pork to help minimise the impact of boar taint and improve its marketability. The responses of 120 regular pork consumers, to entire males with high levels of boar taint and castrated pork, both injection-marinated, were evaluated. The results showed a similar response between entire and castrated male pork regardless of sex, and the detection of unpleasant odours and flavours (as farm/animal), thus offering a new alternative to the pork sector to mask the boar taint and revalue this pork. However, it was observed that consumer information on castration and animal welfare of entire male pork is scarce, and it is important to increase their knowledge so that they can place a value on this technological strategy with entire male pork and thus increase their purchase intention.

Consumer perception of entire male pork coated with spiced edible films as a new product to mask boar taint.

Pork production has undergone a shift towards the rearing of entire male pigs, however, its meat might carry with the presence of boar taint and it would be considered "unfit for human consumption". To offer a new alternative to the pork sector tailored to the needs of consumers, a viable option would be the use of edible spiced gelatin films to help minimize boar taint and improve its marketability. The responses of 120 regular meat consumers to entire pork with high levels of boar taint and castrated pork free of boar taint, both coated with spiced gelatin films were evaluated. They showed a similar response between entire and castrated male pork coated with spiced films, regardless of whether consumers usually detected unpleasant odours (as farm/animal) when consuming pork or not. Therefore, the new spiced films offer a new range of products to consumers as they contribute to the improvement of the sensory quality of entire male pork, especially among consumers who tend to buy new products.

One-Pot Synthesis of MnOx-SiO2 Porous Composites as Nanozymes with ROS-Scavenging Properties.

The development of nanomaterials that mimic the activity of enzymes is a topic of interest, for the decomposition of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We report the preparation of a novel nanocomposite of MnOx needles covered with SiO2 porous material. The material was prepared in one pot with a two-step procedure. The material was characterized by EDX, SEM, TEM, XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and XPS. The synthesis protocol took advantage of the atrane method, favoring the nucleation and initial growth of manganese oxide needles that remained embedded and homogeneously dispersed in a mesoporous silica matrix. The final composite had a high concentration of Mn (Si/Mn molar ratio of ca. 1). The nanozyme presented bimodal porosity: intraparticle and interparticle association with the surfactant micelles and the gaps between silica particles and MnOx needles, respectively. The porosity favored the migration of the reagent to the surface of the catalytic MnOx. The nanozyme showed very efficient SOD and catalase activities, thus improving other materials previously described. The kinetics were studied in detail, and the reaction mechanisms were proposed. It was shown that silica does not play an innocent role in the case of catalase activity, increasing the reaction rate.

Seguimiento de las recomendaciones en prevención secundaria cerebrovascular en atención primaria / Compliance with recommendations in secondary prevention of stroke in primary care

OBJETIVO: Conocer el grado de seguimiento de las recomendaciones en prevención secundaria cerebrovascular en atención primaria e identificar factores asociados. DISEÑO: Transversal multicéntrico. Emplazamiento: Centros de salud de atención primaria de un área metropolitana (944.280 habitantes). PARTICIPANTES: Pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de enfermedad cerebrovascular antes de 6 meses del estudio. Mediciones principales: Extracción de historia clínica informatizada de variables demográficas, factores de riesgo y comorbilidad cardiovascular, fármacos, valores de presión arterial (PA), colesterolLDL y visitas por medicina y enfermería posteriores al episodio. Se consideró buen control: PA < 140/90mmHg, colesterolLDL < 100mg/dl, abstención tabáquica y prescripción de fármacos preventivos (antiagregantes/anticoagulantes, estatinas e IECA/ARAII o diurético) en los últimos 18 meses. RESULTADOS: Un total de 21.976 sujetos, media de edad 73,1 años (DE: 12,1), 48% mujeres, el 72,7% con accidente vascular cerebral establecido. Comorbilidad: 70,8% HTA, 55,1% dislipidemia, 30,9% DM, 14,1% fibrilación auricular, 13,5% cardiopatía isquémica, 12,5% insuficiencia renal crónica, 8,8% insuficiencia cardiaca, 6,2% arteriopatía periférica, 7,8% demencia. Sin registro de: hábito tabáquico 3,7%, PA 3,5% y colesterolLDL 6,5%. Grado de control: 75,4% abstención tabáquica, 65,7% PA < 140/90 y 41,0% colesterolLDL< 100mg/dl. Tratamiento: 86,2% antiagregantes/anticoagulantes, 61,3% estatinas y 61,8% IECA/ARAII o diurético. El registro/grado de control fue superior en el grupo de 66-79 años e inferior en el de 18-40 años. CONCLUSIONES: El seguimiento de las recomendaciones de las guías clínicas para la prevención de la enfermedad cerebrovascular en atención primaria es mejorable, especialmente en los más jóvenes. Son necesarios cambios organizativos e intervención más activa de los profesionales, así como estrategias para combatir la inercia terapéutica

OBJECTIVE: Knowing compliance with secondary prevention recommendations of stroke in primary care and to identify factors associated with compliance. DESIGN: Multi-centre cross-sectional. SETTING: Health primary care centres in a metropolitan area (944,280 inhabitants). PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged 18 years and over with ischemic brain disease diagnosis prior to 6months before the study. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Clinical history records of demographic variables, risk factors and cardiovascular comorbidity, drugs, blood pressure values (BP), LDL-cholesterol and medical visits by doctor and nurses after the event. Good adherence was considered when BP < 140/90 mmHg, LDL-cholesterol < 100 mg/dL, smoking abstention and preventive drugs prescription (anti-platelet/anticoagulants, statins and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor-antagonists or diuretics) during the last 18 months. RESULTS: A total of 21,976 patients, mean age 73.12 years (SD: 12.13), 48% women, 72.7% with stroke. Co-morbidity: hypertension 70.8%, dyslipidemia 55.1%, DM 30.9%, atrial fibrillation 14.1%, ischemic heart disease 13.5%, chronic renal failure 12.5%, heart failure 8.8%, peripheral arterial disease 6.2%, dementia 7.8%. No record was found for smoking in 3.7%, for BP in 3.5% and for LDL in 6.5%. Optimal control: abstention smoking in 3.7%, BP < 140/90 in 65.7% and LDL < 100 mg/dL in 41.0%. Treatment: 86.2% anti-platelet/anticoagulants, 61.3% statins and 61.8% angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor-antagonists or diuretic. Registration and risk factors control was higher in 66-79 years aged and lower in 18-40 years aged. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of clinical guidelines recommendations for stroke prevention in primary care must be improved, especially among younger population. Organizational changes and more active involvement by professionals and strategies against therapeutic inertia must be taken

[Compliance with recommendations in secondary prevention of stroke in primary care]. / Seguimiento de las recomendaciones en prevención secundaria cerebrovascular en atención primaria.

OBJECTIVE: Knowing compliance with secondary prevention recommendations of stroke in primary care and to identify factors associated with compliance. DESIGN: Multi-centre cross-sectional. SETTING: Health primary care centres in a metropolitan area (944,280 inhabitants). PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged 18years and over with ischemic brain disease diagnosis prior to 6months before the study. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Clinical history records of demographic variables, risk factors and cardiovascular comorbidity, drugs, blood pressure values (BP), LDL-cholesterol and medical visits by doctor and nurses after the event. Good adherence was considered when BP <140/90 mmHg, LDL-cholesterol <100 mg/dL, smoking abstention and preventive drugs prescription (anti-platelet/anticoagulants, statins and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor-antagonists or diuretics) during the last 18months. RESULTS: A total of 21,976 patients, mean age 73.12 years (SD: 12.13), 48% women, 72.7% with stroke. Co-morbidity: hypertension 70.8%, dyslipidemia 55.1%, DM 30.9%, atrial fibrillation 14.1%, ischemic heart disease 13.5%, chronic renal failure 12.5%, heart failure 8.8%, peripheral arterial disease 6.2%, dementia 7.8%. No record was found for smoking in 3.7%, for BP in 3.5% and for LDL in 6.5%. Optimal control: abstention smoking in 3.7%, BP <140/90 in 65.7% and LDL <100 mg/dL in 41.0%. TREATMENT: 86.2% anti-platelet/anticoagulants, 61.3% statins and 61.8% angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor-antagonists or diuretic. Registration and risk factors control was higher in 66-79years aged and lower in 18-40years aged. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of clinical guidelines recommendations for stroke prevention in primary care must be improved, especially among younger population. Organizational changes and more active involvement by professionals and strategies against therapeutic inertia must be taken.

Effect of different format-solvent rosemary extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis) on frozen chicken nuggets quality.

Three kinds of Rosmarinus officinalis extract (powder-acetone, liquid-methanol, liquid-acetone) were used to examine the effects of format-solvent on the active compounds extracted (total phenolic, carnosol and carnosic acid content) and antioxidant activity (FRAP, ABTS). The results showed that both, as the format but also the solvent used, had significant effect on the parameters analyzed (p < 0.05). The highest antioxidant activity was found for the powder-acetone extract followed by the liquid methanol and liquid acetone extracts (p < 0.05). The effect of the three different extracts on the physical-chemical and sensory quality of frozen chicken nuggets was evaluated. At the dose proposed by the European Union Directive 2010/69/EU for the carnosic and carnosol compounds [150 ppm (mg/kg fat basic)], the format-solvent combination of the rosemary extracts used did not modify the chicken nuggets quality characteristics (pH, colour, sensory quality) and still underlines the effectiveness of these extracts.